Change Management
General Framework
Outline the “Calm-waters” and the “White-water rapids” metaphors for Change Management.
Individual Components
1. Discuss Kotter’s theory of Change Management
2. Discuss Force-Field Analysis: giving examples
3. Changing an organisation’s culture may be necessary as part of change management. What
can a manager do to change an organisation’s culture?
4. Gerstner, at IBM, recognised from the outset the need for urgent change management. What
was that urgent need for change management? Gerstner also realised that IBM’s culture had to
change as a precursor to achieving the necessary organisational change. From the IBM case
study, summarise the value of the case in understanding change management and the role that
change in the organisational culture might play in it.